国产免费AV片无码永久免费_鲁一鲁AV2019在线_高清无码一区二区在线观看吞精_国产精品国产三级国产AV主播

1、引(yin)言

    無(wu)負(fu)壓(ya)(ya)供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)是在(zai)(zai)變頻(pin)恒壓(ya)(ya)供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)基(ji)礎上發展(zhan)起來的(de)(de)，它(ta)的(de)(de)先(xian)進之處在(zai)(zai)于將系(xi)統直接與自(zi)來水(shui)(shui)(shui)管(guan)網串聯對接，而不用建立水(shui)(shui)(shui)池和設置水(shui)(shui)(shui)箱(xiang)，供(gong)(gong)給用戶的(de)(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)完全在(zai)(zai)一(yi)個密封的(de)(de)環境(jing)中(zhong)(zhong)，避免(mian)了(le)飲用水(shui)(shui)(shui)在(zai)(zai)供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)過程中(zhong)(zhong)的(de)(de)二(er)次污(wu)染。這種供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)方式實現了(le)無(wu)池供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)與變頻(pin)恒壓(ya)(ya)供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)結合，能夠達到(dao)比其它(ta)供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)方式更環保節(jie)能的(de)(de)效果。此外在(zai)(zai)供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)過程中(zhong)(zhong)，充(chong)分利(li)用自(zi)來水(shui)(shui)(shui)原有的(de)(de)壓(ya)(ya)力，因此可節(jie)電50%以上。不僅如此，無(wu)負(fu)壓(ya)(ya)供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)系(xi)統結合真(zhen)空抑制、穩流補(bu)償(chang)、預壓(ya)(ya)平衡補(bu)償(chang)、能量儲(chu)存(cun)釋放、變頻(pin)調速和智能控制等技(ji)術，在(zai)(zai)供(gong)(gong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)的(de)(de)同時不，會對市政(zheng)管(guan)網產生(sheng)壓(ya)(ya)降，從而保證(zheng)了(le)市政(zheng)管(guan)網的(de)(de)正(zheng)常運行。

2、無負壓供水(shui)工藝概述

    無負(fu)壓供水(shui)控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的核心概念就是通過變(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)水(shui)泵(beng)的運(yun)行(xing)頻(pin)率，達到節能(neng)供水(shui)的效果，同(tong)時系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)還加入了市政管網保(bao)護功(gong)(gong)能(neng)、水(shui)泵(beng)保(bao)護功(gong)(gong)能(neng)以及故障處理等功(gong)(gong)能(neng)。為了節約(yue)成本，目前人們(men)大(da)多采(cai)(cai)用(yong)一(yi)個(ge)變(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)多個(ge)水(shui)泵(beng)的變(bian)頻(pin)運(yun)行(xing)方(fang)(fang)式(shi)，也就是我們(men)常說的一(yi)拖(tuo)二(er)、一(yi)拖(tuo)三或一(yi)拖(tuo)四(si)等控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)。采(cai)(cai)用(yong)這種方(fang)(fang)式(shi)，變(bian)頻(pin)器(qi)輪(lun)流控制(zhi)(zhi)(zhi)各個(ge)水(shui)泵(beng)變(bian)頻(pin)運(yun)行(xing)。

    水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)的(de)(de)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)方式有兩種(zhong)，一(yi)種(zhong)是變(bian)頻(pin)(pin)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)，一(yi)種(zhong)是工(gong)頻(pin)(pin)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)。水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)的(de)(de)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)方式由中央控制器根據用戶用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)的(de)(de)多少(shao)自動(dong)(dong)控制。系統啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)后，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)首先變(bian)頻(pin)(pin)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)，當用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)增加時，變(bian)頻(pin)(pin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)轉換為工(gong)頻(pin)(pin)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)，并啟(qi)動(dong)(dong)下一(yi)臺水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)變(bian)頻(pin)(pin)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)。用水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)減少(shao)后，工(gong)頻(pin)(pin)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)退出(chu)運(yun)行(xing)(xing)(xing)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)的(de)(de)投切(qie)過程如此循環(huan)反復(fu)。

    在用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)很少，或(huo)沒有用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)時(shi)，為了(le)節能(neng)與延長水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)的(de)使(shi)(shi)用(yong)壽命(ming)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)還(huan)可以(yi)進(jin)入休眠狀(zhuang)態。當用(yong)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)量(liang)增加(jia)時(shi)，水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)會自(zi)(zi)動從休眠狀(zhuang)態中(zhong)被喚醒。當一臺水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)長時(shi)間(jian)運(yun)行時(shi)，為了(le)使(shi)(shi)各個水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)均(jun)衡運(yun)行，系統(tong)會自(zi)(zi)動選擇(ze)運(yun)行時(shi)間(jian)最短的(de)水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)運(yun)行。當有水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)出(chu)現故障時(shi)，系統(tong)會自(zi)(zi)動跳過該水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)，不會影響其他水(shui)(shui)(shui)(shui)泵(beng)(beng)的(de)投(tou)切過程(cheng)。

3、無(wu)負壓(ya)供水控制系統結(jie)構設計

    在(zai)傳統的(de)無(wu)負壓供水設(she)(she)備中，控(kong)制器(qi)大多(duo)采(cai)用(yong)單片機(ji)設(she)(she)計，這(zhe)種控(kong)制器(qi)一(yi)(yi)般都不允許用(yong)戶對其內部(bu)的(de)程(cheng)序進行修改。如果想增(zeng)加(jia)一(yi)(yi)些功能，則(ze)必(bi)須找控(kong)制器(qi)的(de)供應(ying)商幫助完(wan)成。這(zhe)就(jiu)導致(zhi)了系統的(de)靈活性較差，而且這(zhe)種控(kong)制器(qi)一(yi)(yi)般都沒有經過可(ke)靠性測(ce)試，在(zai)可(ke)靠性方(fang)面可(ke)能存在(zai)或多(duo)或少的(de)問題(ti)。

    采用(yong)PLC作(zuo)為核心(xin)控制單元，在可(ke)靠(kao)性上(shang)得到了(le)保(bao)證(zheng)，其(qi)開(kai)放(fang)的(de)編程(cheng)環境也使系統(tong)(tong)(tong)開(kai)發和維護(hu)更加方便。不僅(jin)如此，和利時(shi)還(huan)為無負壓供水設(she)備提供了(le)標(biao)準(zhun)的(de)例程(cheng)，用(yong)戶可(ke)以直接使用(yong)這(zhe)個例程(cheng)搭建(jian)無負壓供水控制系統(tong)(tong)(tong)，或者可(ke)以根(gen)據需要對例程(cheng)進行簡(jian)單的(de)修改，這(zhe)樣大(da)大(da)提高了(le)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)建(jian)立效率以及(ji)系統(tong)(tong)(tong)的(de)開(kai)放(fang)性。

    本(ben)次設計針對1拖(tuo)3無負壓(ya)(ya)(ya)供水(shui)控制(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)統。系(xi)統主要(yao)由PLC、變頻(pin)器(qi)(qi)、離心泵(beng)、壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力傳感器(qi)(qi)、水(shui)位傳感器(qi)(qi)、缺相保護(hu)器(qi)(qi)、故障(zhang)(zhang)報(bao)警(jing)燈等(deng)(deng)組成。PLC負責(ze)三個水(shui)泵(beng)的(de)(de)投切控制(zhi)(zhi)算法(fa)，根據管網出口(kou)(kou)的(de)(de)設定壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力動(dong)態調(diao)節變頻(pin)器(qi)(qi)的(de)(de)輸出頻(pin)率，以(yi)及(ji)實現(xian)倒泵(beng)、休(xiu)眠、故障(zhang)(zhang)處理、無負壓(ya)(ya)(ya)補(bu)償等(deng)(deng)功能。本(ben)系(xi)統采用和(he)利(li)時LM系(xi)列PLC作為系(xi)統控制(zhi)(zhi)器(qi)(qi)，并且通過LM系(xi)列PLC自帶(dai)的(de)(de)RS232接口(kou)(kou)連接現(xian)場的(de)(de)觸摸屏HT6720T，觸摸屏程序(xu)具有(you)系(xi)統參數(shu)設置、顯示(shi)系(xi)統運(yun)行狀(zhuang)態、查詢系(xi)統報(bao)警(jing)記錄等(deng)(deng)功能。為了便于用戶(hu)(hu)查詢控制(zhi)(zhi)系(xi)統的(de)(de)運(yun)行狀(zhuang)況以(yi)及(ji)設置出口(kou)(kou)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力等(deng)(deng)參數(shu)，這里(li)還用LM系(xi)列PLC自帶(dai)的(de)(de)RS485接口(kou)(kou)連接了一(yi)個短信數(shu)傳模塊，用戶(hu)(hu)可以(yi)通過手機隨時查詢水(shui)泵(beng)的(de)(de)運(yun)行狀(zhuang)況以(yi)及(ji)設定管網的(de)(de)出口(kou)(kou)壓(ya)(ya)(ya)力。

5、無負壓供水控制系統特點

基于LM系列(lie)PLC的無(wu)負壓供水系統具有(you)如(ru)下特(te)點：

可靠性

    可靠(kao)性(xing)(xing)是(shi)無負壓供(gong)(gong)水系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)關鍵。與(yu)(yu)傳統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)單(dan)片機控制(zhi)器相比，LM系(xi)(xi)列PLC在(zai)穩定(ding)(ding)性(xing)(xing)、抗(kang)干(gan)擾(rao)性(xing)(xing)以及(ji)惡劣條件(jian)下的(de)(de)工(gong)作性(xing)(xing)能(neng)(neng)都要更勝一籌(chou)。LM系(xi)(xi)列PLC的(de)(de)輸入(ru)和輸出點都是(shi)與(yu)(yu)現(xian)場隔離(li)的(de)(de)，這為(wei)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)可靠(kao)性(xing)(xing)提(ti)供(gong)(gong)了(le)硬(ying)件(jian)基礎。系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)所(suo)提(ti)供(gong)(gong)的(de)(de)增量PID運(yun)(yun)算功(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)塊(kuai)使(shi)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)能(neng)(neng)夠(gou)根據(ju)用(yong)戶(hu)的(de)(de)用(yong)水量迅速(su)調(diao)節給水泵的(de)(de)工(gong)作頻率(lv)，使(shi)給水壓力以較快的(de)(de)速(su)度穩定(ding)(ding)在(zai)設定(ding)(ding)值，這也在(zai)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)上保證了(le)系(xi)(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)(de)穩定(ding)(ding)運(yun)(yun)行。

易用性

    LM系列(lie)PLC體積(ji)小、集成化程(cheng)度高、運算速度快、邏(luo)輯控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)容量大(da)(da)(da)，還可(ke)以進(jin)行在線調(diao)(diao)(diao)試和(he)離線調(diao)(diao)(diao)試，有強大(da)(da)(da)的(de)(de)視圖功(gong)能，可(ke)以大(da)(da)(da)大(da)(da)(da)降低編(bian)程(cheng)調(diao)(diao)(diao)試的(de)(de)工(gong)作量，縮(suo)短(duan)調(diao)(diao)(diao)試的(de)(de)周期(qi)。靈(ling)活(huo)的(de)(de)編(bian)程(cheng)功(gong)能，可(ke)以給未(wei)來的(de)(de)系統(tong)升級帶來極(ji)大(da)(da)(da)方(fang)便。系統(tong)采(cai)用(yong)7英寸TFT觸摸屏，整個(ge)系統(tong)的(de)(de)運行狀況(kuang)(kuang)一目了(le)然，各項(xiang)控(kong)制(zhi)(zhi)參數也可(ke)以根據不同工(gong)況(kuang)(kuang)進(jin)行調(diao)(diao)(diao)整，并可(ke)以生成實(shi)時(shi)(shi)報警(jing)與歷史報警(jing)列(lie)表。同時(shi)(shi)，還利用(yong)LM系列(lie)PLC自(zi)帶的(de)(de)RS485接口(kou)連接短(duan)信數傳模塊，用(yong)戶可(ke)以直(zhi)接通過手機隨時(shi)(shi)查詢(xun)系統(tong)的(de)(de)運行工(gong)況(kuang)(kuang)，并可(ke)以進(jin)行管網出(chu)口(kou)壓力等參數的(de)(de)設置。

功(gong)能性(xing)

    供水(shui)(shui)設(she)備生產商-中贏(ying)供水(shui)(shui)研發的(de)PLC無(wu)負壓(ya)供水(shui)(shui)系(xi)統(tong)(tong)標準程序的(de)基礎上建立的(de)，實現的(de)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)包括(kuo)了(le)(le)水(shui)(shui)泵的(de)自(zi)動(dong)(dong)投切功(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、休(xiu)眠倒泵功(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、水(shui)(shui)泵優先級判(pan)斷功(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、優化的(de)故障處(chu)理功(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、多時段(duan)設(she)定(ding)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、低水(shui)(shui)位自(zi)動(dong)(dong)保護功(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、無(wu)負壓(ya)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)、短(duan)信通(tong)訊功(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)以及PLC鎖(suo)定(ding)功(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)等。整個系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)搭建過程幾乎沒有對標準程序進行(xing)修(xiu)改，在實現了(le)(le)強大功(gong)(gong)能(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)(neng)的(de)基礎上，方(fang)便快速地完成了(le)(le)控(kong)制系(xi)統(tong)(tong)的(de)搭建。